INTEGRATION OF SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT WITH ECOSYSTEM SERVICES PERFORMANCE IN CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE IN NORTH MOROWALI
Article History
Submited : June 17, 2025
Published : June 20, 2025
Climate change is a major challenge that affects ecosystem resilience and human life, including in Indonesia, especially in North Morowali Regency which has extensive tropical forests. This study aims to assess the contribution of ecosystem services in climate regulation in the region and analyze how climate change interacts with ecosystem performance. The methodology used involves assessing ecosystem services for climate regulation and changes in forest land cover. The study's results indicated that forest dominance significantly aided climate regulation, with conservation forest areas contributing 21.51%, protected forests 20.68%, and production forests 19.52%, particularly in carbon sequestration and climate change mitigation. In contrast, non-forest areas showed a lower contribution. Regional resilience to climate change, it is recommended that the management of conservation and protected forests be strengthened, by considering the potential of ecosystem services they have in mitigating and adapting to climate change.
Fernández, C. A., Blattert, C., Burgas, D., Eyvindson, K., Fulvio, F. Di, Forsell, N., Hartikainen, M., Klein, J. L., Lukkarinen, J., Mönkkönen, M., Pitzen, S., Primmer, E., Snäll, T., Torano-Caicoya, A., Vergarechea, M., & Øistad, K. (2022). Better forest policies and management for sustainability transformations: How can expectations for forests be met? https://doi.org/ 10.17011/jyu-83309
Fraser, A. (2023). The Definition and Meaning of Sustainable Forest Management. In Springer. 10.1007/978-3-030-15839-2_2
Golar, G., Massiri, S. D., Rauf, R. A., Muis, H., & Paingi, S. (2021). Participatory land use conflict resolution: efforts towards community collaborative management. Agroland The Agricultural Sciences Journal (e-Journal), 47–59.
https://doi.org/ 10.22487/AGROLAND.V8I1.801
Golar, G., Muis, H., Massiri, S. D., Rahman, A., Maiwa, A., Pratama, F., Baharuddin, R. F., & Simorangkir, W. S. (2021). Can Forest Management Units Improve Community Access to The Forest? International Journal of Design and Nature and Ecodynamics, 16(5), 565–571.
https://doi.org/10.18280/IJDNE.160511
Gregor, K., Krause, A., Reyer, C. P. O., Knoke, T., Suvanto, S., Nagel, T. A., & Rammig, A. (2024). Multi-Functional Forestry in Europe: Balancing Climate Change Mitigation, Timber Production, and Ecosystem Services. EGU General Assembly 2024.
https://doi.org/ 10.5194/egusphere-egu24-1727
Gul Zareen, G., Memuna, G. S., Maryam, A., & Ghafoor, N. (2023). Ecosystem Services in the Changing Climate: Calling Attention for the Conservation of Tropical and Subtropical Forests. In Tropical Forests - Ecology, Diversity and Conservation Status. https://doi.org/ 10.5772/intechopen.109800
Huang, X., Khan, Y., Arshed, N., Salem, S. A. M., Shabeer, M. G., & Hanif, U. (2023). Increasing social resilience against climate change risks: a case of extreme climate affected countries. International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijccsm-04-2022-0051
Jhong, B. C., Huang, J., & Tung, C. P. (2019). Spatial Assessment of Climate Risk for Investigating Climate Adaptation Strategies by Evaluating Spatial-Temporal Variability of Extreme Precipitation. Water Resources Management, 33(10), 3377–3400. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11269-019-02306-8/METRICS
Lavorel, S., Locatelli, B., Locatelli, B., Colloff, M. J., & Bruley, E. (2020). Co-Producing Ecosystem Services for Adapting to Climate Change. Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society.
https://doi.org/10.1098/ RSTB.2019.0119
Lee, K. H., Noh, J., & Khim, J. S. (2020). The Blue Economy and The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals: Challenges and Opportunities. Environment International, 137, 105528. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENVINT.2020.105528
Longo, A., Zardo, L., Maragno, D., Musco, F., & Burkhard, B. (2024). Let’s Do It for Real: Making the Ecosystem Service Concept Operational in Regional Planning for Climate Change Adaptation. Sustainability, 16(2).
https://doi.org/10.3390/su16020483
Luu, T. T. G., Luedeling, E., Whitney, C., & Biber-Freudenberger, L. (2024). Stakeholder engagement in agro-climate service planning. Climate Services, 33, 100432.
https://doi.org/10.1016/J. CLISER.2023.100432
Maxwell, C. J., Scheller, R. M., Wilson, K. N., & Manley, P. N. (2022). Assessing The Effectiveness of Landscape-Scale Forest Adaptation Actions to Improve Resilience Under Projected Climate Change. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, 5.
https://doi.org/10.3389/ffgc. 2022.740869
Mina, M., Messier, C., Duveneck, M. J., Fortin, M.-J., & Aquilué, N. (2022). Managing for the Unexpected: Building Resilient Forest Landscapes To Cope With Global Change. Global Change Biology, 28. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/gcb.16197
Muis, H., Rahman, A., Golar, Maiwa, A., Fitrah, R., Pribadi, H., & Paulus, S. (2024). Land Cover Change of Kawatuna Sub-Watershed in Central Sulawesi. Atlantis Press, 66–70. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-334-4_12
Nahib, I., & Suwarno, Y. (2018). Modeling Deforestation and Green Houses Gas Emissions in Morowali Utara District, Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/165/1/012030/meta
Nazer, N., Chithra, K., & Bimal, P. (2023). Framework for the Application of Ecosystem Services Based Urban Ecological Carrying Capacity Assessment in The Urban Decision-Making Process. Environmental Challenges, 13.
https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.envc.2023.100745
Nonini, L., & Fiala, M. (2021). Estimation Of Carbon Storage of Forest Biomass For Voluntary Carbon Markets: Preliminary Results. Journal of Forestry Research (Springer Berlin Heidelberg), 32. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11676-019-01074-W
O’connell, M. (2022). Adaptation of Conservation Strategies. In Elsevier eBooks.
https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-102975-6.00017-0
P., A. B. S. A., Fadlin, F., Arifin, D., Insanu, R. K., & Sutaji, A. A. M. (2024). Mapping of Deforestation and Land Cover Change in Nickel Mining Areas of Pomalaa District Utilising Remote Sensing Technology. GETS: Journal of Geomatics, Technology and Science, Geomatics Technology Study Program, Samarinda State Agricultural Polytechnic.
https://doi.org/10.51967/ gets.v2i2.35
Pradana, G. W., Djaing, H., Kurniawan, B., & Febriani, A. P. (2022). Implementation of REDD+ Policies in Indonesia to Reducing Deforestation Amid Rising Earth’s Temperature. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.
https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1111/1/012043
Queiroz, D., Pannunzio Ribeiro, M., André Tavares, P., & de Mello, K. (2024). The Role of Forest Plantations for The Native Vegetation Conservation in The Protected Areas Surroundings. Journal For Nature Conservation, 78, 126551.
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JNC.2023.126551
Rahman, A., Maiwa, A., Sangadji, M. N., Nursalam, Kurniawan, M., & Musbah, M. (2024). Stakeholders Involved in Strategic Environmental Assessment Planning in Central Sulawesi. 17–21.
https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-334-4_4
Rayden, T., Jones, K. R., Austin, K., & Radachowsky, J. (2023). Improving Climate and Biodiversity Outcomes Through Restoration of Forest Integrity. Conservation Biology, 37.
https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.14163
Sangadji, M. N., Edy, N., Nursalam, Rahman, A., Mozin, S., Rahmatu, R., Lakani, I., MacHmud, Z., & Musbah, M. (2019). Environmental Carrying Capacity based on Ecosystem Services for Sustainable Development in Banggai Island. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 270(1), 012046. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/270/1/012046
Sangadji, M. N., Rahmatu, R., Nursalam, Rahman, A., Kurniawan, M., & Musbah, M. (2023). Strategic Environmental Assessment in Palu Central Sulawesi Reflecting Water Provision Profile Based On Ecosystem Services. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1253(1), 012118.
https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1253/1/012118
Sasanifar, S., Alijanpour, A., Shafiei, A. B., Rad, J., Molaei, M., & Álvarez-Álvarez, P. (2024). Understanding How Forest Ecosystem Services Are Affected By Conservation Practices and Differences In Elevation: A Study in The Arasbaran Biosphere Reserve, Iran. Ecological Engineering.
https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.ecoleng.2024.107230
Simpson, N. P., Mach, K. J., Constable, A., Hess, J., Hogarth, R., Howden, M., Lawrence, J., Lempert, R. J., Muccione, V., Mackey, B., New, M. G., O’Neill, B., Otto, F., Pörtner, H. O., Reisinger, A., Roberts, D., Schmidt, D. N., Seneviratne, S., Strongin, S., Trisos, C. H. (2021). A framework for complex climate change risk assessment. One Earth, 4(4), 489.
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ONEEAR.2021.03.005
Sutrisno, A., Wahyuni, E., Agang, M. W., & Titing, D. (2023). Modeling And Mapping of The Environmental Carrying Capacity of The Sebuku and Sesayap Watersheds Based on Food and Water Provision. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development.
https://www.ajol.info/ index.php/ajfand/article/view/255052
Umar, S., & Kadeko, I. (2015). Model of Tree Shade Value by Contingent Valuation Technique on the Cocoa Agroforestry of Central Sulawesi Province. Journal of Asian Scientific Research, 5(9), 439.
https://doi.org/10.18488/JOURNAL.2/2015.5.9/2.9.439.451
Wilson, K. R., Rogers, B. L., Carroll, D. A., Ezaki, A., & Coates, J. (2023). Sustainability Of Community-Based Workers in Multisectoral Food Security Programs: A Case Study of Producer Leaders, Village Vaccinators, Mother Leaders, And Community Health Workers In Burkina Faso. Agriculture and Food Security, 12(1), 1–21.
https://doi.org/10.1186/S40066-023-00432-6/FIGURES/6
Yulianti, D., Bainus, A., Setyaka, V., Sari, D. S., & Kinanti, A. A. (2024). Achieving Sustainable Development Goals in West Sumatra through Sustainable Agriculture. Andalas Journal of International Studies (AJIS), 13(1), 31.
https://doi.org/10.25077/AJIS.13.1.31-47.2024
Zhang, M., Liu, S., Jones, J. A., Sun, G., Wei, X., Ellison, D., Archer, E., McNulty, S. G., Asbjornsen, H., Zhang, Z., Serengil, Y., Zhang, M., Yu, Z., Li, Q., Luan, J., Yurtseven, İ., Hou, Y., Deng, S., & Liu, Z. (2022). Managing The Forest-Water Nexus for Climate Change Adaptation. Forest Ecology and Management. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120545
Zhong, J., HongWen, Y., Liu, W., Zhang, Y., Lin, J., Jiang, J., & Wang, C. (2024). Impact of Climate and Vegetation Dynamics on the Ecosystem Services of Subtropical Forests—A Case Study of Baishanzu National Park Area, China. Forests (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute), 15.
https://doi.org/ 10.3390/f15111850.
Fraser, A. (2023). The Definition and Meaning of Sustainable Forest Management. In Springer. 10.1007/978-3-030-15839-2_2
Golar, G., Massiri, S. D., Rauf, R. A., Muis, H., & Paingi, S. (2021). Participatory land use conflict resolution: efforts towards community collaborative management. Agroland The Agricultural Sciences Journal (e-Journal), 47–59.
https://doi.org/ 10.22487/AGROLAND.V8I1.801
Golar, G., Muis, H., Massiri, S. D., Rahman, A., Maiwa, A., Pratama, F., Baharuddin, R. F., & Simorangkir, W. S. (2021). Can Forest Management Units Improve Community Access to The Forest? International Journal of Design and Nature and Ecodynamics, 16(5), 565–571.
https://doi.org/10.18280/IJDNE.160511
Gregor, K., Krause, A., Reyer, C. P. O., Knoke, T., Suvanto, S., Nagel, T. A., & Rammig, A. (2024). Multi-Functional Forestry in Europe: Balancing Climate Change Mitigation, Timber Production, and Ecosystem Services. EGU General Assembly 2024.
https://doi.org/ 10.5194/egusphere-egu24-1727
Gul Zareen, G., Memuna, G. S., Maryam, A., & Ghafoor, N. (2023). Ecosystem Services in the Changing Climate: Calling Attention for the Conservation of Tropical and Subtropical Forests. In Tropical Forests - Ecology, Diversity and Conservation Status. https://doi.org/ 10.5772/intechopen.109800
Huang, X., Khan, Y., Arshed, N., Salem, S. A. M., Shabeer, M. G., & Hanif, U. (2023). Increasing social resilience against climate change risks: a case of extreme climate affected countries. International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijccsm-04-2022-0051
Jhong, B. C., Huang, J., & Tung, C. P. (2019). Spatial Assessment of Climate Risk for Investigating Climate Adaptation Strategies by Evaluating Spatial-Temporal Variability of Extreme Precipitation. Water Resources Management, 33(10), 3377–3400. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11269-019-02306-8/METRICS
Lavorel, S., Locatelli, B., Locatelli, B., Colloff, M. J., & Bruley, E. (2020). Co-Producing Ecosystem Services for Adapting to Climate Change. Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society.
https://doi.org/10.1098/ RSTB.2019.0119
Lee, K. H., Noh, J., & Khim, J. S. (2020). The Blue Economy and The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals: Challenges and Opportunities. Environment International, 137, 105528. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENVINT.2020.105528
Longo, A., Zardo, L., Maragno, D., Musco, F., & Burkhard, B. (2024). Let’s Do It for Real: Making the Ecosystem Service Concept Operational in Regional Planning for Climate Change Adaptation. Sustainability, 16(2).
https://doi.org/10.3390/su16020483
Luu, T. T. G., Luedeling, E., Whitney, C., & Biber-Freudenberger, L. (2024). Stakeholder engagement in agro-climate service planning. Climate Services, 33, 100432.
https://doi.org/10.1016/J. CLISER.2023.100432
Maxwell, C. J., Scheller, R. M., Wilson, K. N., & Manley, P. N. (2022). Assessing The Effectiveness of Landscape-Scale Forest Adaptation Actions to Improve Resilience Under Projected Climate Change. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, 5.
https://doi.org/10.3389/ffgc. 2022.740869
Mina, M., Messier, C., Duveneck, M. J., Fortin, M.-J., & Aquilué, N. (2022). Managing for the Unexpected: Building Resilient Forest Landscapes To Cope With Global Change. Global Change Biology, 28. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/gcb.16197
Muis, H., Rahman, A., Golar, Maiwa, A., Fitrah, R., Pribadi, H., & Paulus, S. (2024). Land Cover Change of Kawatuna Sub-Watershed in Central Sulawesi. Atlantis Press, 66–70. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-334-4_12
Nahib, I., & Suwarno, Y. (2018). Modeling Deforestation and Green Houses Gas Emissions in Morowali Utara District, Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/165/1/012030/meta
Nazer, N., Chithra, K., & Bimal, P. (2023). Framework for the Application of Ecosystem Services Based Urban Ecological Carrying Capacity Assessment in The Urban Decision-Making Process. Environmental Challenges, 13.
https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.envc.2023.100745
Nonini, L., & Fiala, M. (2021). Estimation Of Carbon Storage of Forest Biomass For Voluntary Carbon Markets: Preliminary Results. Journal of Forestry Research (Springer Berlin Heidelberg), 32. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11676-019-01074-W
O’connell, M. (2022). Adaptation of Conservation Strategies. In Elsevier eBooks.
https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-102975-6.00017-0
P., A. B. S. A., Fadlin, F., Arifin, D., Insanu, R. K., & Sutaji, A. A. M. (2024). Mapping of Deforestation and Land Cover Change in Nickel Mining Areas of Pomalaa District Utilising Remote Sensing Technology. GETS: Journal of Geomatics, Technology and Science, Geomatics Technology Study Program, Samarinda State Agricultural Polytechnic.
https://doi.org/10.51967/ gets.v2i2.35
Pradana, G. W., Djaing, H., Kurniawan, B., & Febriani, A. P. (2022). Implementation of REDD+ Policies in Indonesia to Reducing Deforestation Amid Rising Earth’s Temperature. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.
https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1111/1/012043
Queiroz, D., Pannunzio Ribeiro, M., André Tavares, P., & de Mello, K. (2024). The Role of Forest Plantations for The Native Vegetation Conservation in The Protected Areas Surroundings. Journal For Nature Conservation, 78, 126551.
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JNC.2023.126551
Rahman, A., Maiwa, A., Sangadji, M. N., Nursalam, Kurniawan, M., & Musbah, M. (2024). Stakeholders Involved in Strategic Environmental Assessment Planning in Central Sulawesi. 17–21.
https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-334-4_4
Rayden, T., Jones, K. R., Austin, K., & Radachowsky, J. (2023). Improving Climate and Biodiversity Outcomes Through Restoration of Forest Integrity. Conservation Biology, 37.
https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.14163
Sangadji, M. N., Edy, N., Nursalam, Rahman, A., Mozin, S., Rahmatu, R., Lakani, I., MacHmud, Z., & Musbah, M. (2019). Environmental Carrying Capacity based on Ecosystem Services for Sustainable Development in Banggai Island. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 270(1), 012046. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/270/1/012046
Sangadji, M. N., Rahmatu, R., Nursalam, Rahman, A., Kurniawan, M., & Musbah, M. (2023). Strategic Environmental Assessment in Palu Central Sulawesi Reflecting Water Provision Profile Based On Ecosystem Services. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1253(1), 012118.
https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1253/1/012118
Sasanifar, S., Alijanpour, A., Shafiei, A. B., Rad, J., Molaei, M., & Álvarez-Álvarez, P. (2024). Understanding How Forest Ecosystem Services Are Affected By Conservation Practices and Differences In Elevation: A Study in The Arasbaran Biosphere Reserve, Iran. Ecological Engineering.
https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.ecoleng.2024.107230
Simpson, N. P., Mach, K. J., Constable, A., Hess, J., Hogarth, R., Howden, M., Lawrence, J., Lempert, R. J., Muccione, V., Mackey, B., New, M. G., O’Neill, B., Otto, F., Pörtner, H. O., Reisinger, A., Roberts, D., Schmidt, D. N., Seneviratne, S., Strongin, S., Trisos, C. H. (2021). A framework for complex climate change risk assessment. One Earth, 4(4), 489.
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ONEEAR.2021.03.005
Sutrisno, A., Wahyuni, E., Agang, M. W., & Titing, D. (2023). Modeling And Mapping of The Environmental Carrying Capacity of The Sebuku and Sesayap Watersheds Based on Food and Water Provision. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development.
https://www.ajol.info/ index.php/ajfand/article/view/255052
Umar, S., & Kadeko, I. (2015). Model of Tree Shade Value by Contingent Valuation Technique on the Cocoa Agroforestry of Central Sulawesi Province. Journal of Asian Scientific Research, 5(9), 439.
https://doi.org/10.18488/JOURNAL.2/2015.5.9/2.9.439.451
Wilson, K. R., Rogers, B. L., Carroll, D. A., Ezaki, A., & Coates, J. (2023). Sustainability Of Community-Based Workers in Multisectoral Food Security Programs: A Case Study of Producer Leaders, Village Vaccinators, Mother Leaders, And Community Health Workers In Burkina Faso. Agriculture and Food Security, 12(1), 1–21.
https://doi.org/10.1186/S40066-023-00432-6/FIGURES/6
Yulianti, D., Bainus, A., Setyaka, V., Sari, D. S., & Kinanti, A. A. (2024). Achieving Sustainable Development Goals in West Sumatra through Sustainable Agriculture. Andalas Journal of International Studies (AJIS), 13(1), 31.
https://doi.org/10.25077/AJIS.13.1.31-47.2024
Zhang, M., Liu, S., Jones, J. A., Sun, G., Wei, X., Ellison, D., Archer, E., McNulty, S. G., Asbjornsen, H., Zhang, Z., Serengil, Y., Zhang, M., Yu, Z., Li, Q., Luan, J., Yurtseven, İ., Hou, Y., Deng, S., & Liu, Z. (2022). Managing The Forest-Water Nexus for Climate Change Adaptation. Forest Ecology and Management. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120545
Zhong, J., HongWen, Y., Liu, W., Zhang, Y., Lin, J., Jiang, J., & Wang, C. (2024). Impact of Climate and Vegetation Dynamics on the Ecosystem Services of Subtropical Forests—A Case Study of Baishanzu National Park Area, China. Forests (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute), 15.
https://doi.org/ 10.3390/f15111850.
Rahman, A., Maiwa, A., Hamka, H., Kurniawan, M., & Sofyan, S. (2025). INTEGRATION OF SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT WITH ECOSYSTEM SERVICES PERFORMANCE IN CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE IN NORTH MOROWALI. AGROLAND The Agricultural Sciences Journal (e-Journal), 12(1), 56 - 65. https://doi.org/10.22487/agroland.v12i1.2605
Copyright (c) 2025 AGROLAND The Agricultural Sciences Journal (e-Journal)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Fulltext